Hello Spotted, hi all,
as for your camhafts:
The part number 4X7-12171-01 is the right one for the rear cylinder (#1). The camshaft is marked with a "1" symbol, as shown in this picture:
https://pro-formance-cycle.com/products/yamaha-xv750-xv920-camshaft-1-4x7-12171-00-4x7-12171-01The camshaft of the front cylinder (#2) is marked with a "2"-Symbol, as to be seen here:
https://pro-formance-cycle.com/products/yamaha-xv750-xv920-camshaft-2-4x7-12181-00-4x7-12181-01The correct part number of the front cylinder camshaft is 4X7-
12181-00 or -01 (but
not 4X7-12171-00). That means that someone might have swapped the front cylinder camshaft in your bike already (and put a wrong one in it unfortunately).
In general, the part number system of Yamaha includes a
first section (e. g. "4X7") for the motorcycle model code, a
central section (e. g. "12171") for the component itself, e. g. a camhaft or an exhaust pipe, and a
final section (e. g. "-00" or "-01") which describes the revision of the component. Higher revisions usually stand for improved components, and in most cases, earlier and later revisions can be swapped. But it is
not possible to swap parts with
different central numbers (= component numbers).
Concerning the rocker arms, the earlier revision (4X7-12151-09-00) has been produced as a one-piece part, including a central hole for oil supply in the cam contact area. In contradiction to that, the later revision (42X-12151-00-00) got a separate insert (without the hole, but made of hardened material). The later revision is the more durable one. And you can use the later revision as a good substitute for the earlier one.
The later revision was originally developed for a later Yamaha motorcycle model (the early Virago XV 700, model code name 42X, production start in 1984). And that later revision superseeded the earlier components for the 4X7-models.
And you are right when thinking about why Yamaha changed the design: The initial central oil hole had been a "good idea", but in theory only: It lead to a local drop-down area of the oil pressure - just where it was needed most. So the design improvement was to leave out the oil hole and strenghen the material by hardening it.
Good luck for putting your puzzle together again ...

.
Regards,
Roland